二、-ING分词与-ED分词的区别
虽然在语法功能上,-ED分词在句子中所能承担的成分基本与-ING分词相同,但在意义上两者有差别:-ING分词表示主动的意义,而-ED分词则表示被动的意义;-ING分词表示一般性的或正在进行的动作,而-ED分词则表示已经完成和被动的动作。在表现形式上,-ING分词有"一般式"和"完成式"与 "主动式"和"被动式"之分;而-ED分词只有一种形式。下边我们分析-ING分词与-ED分词在语法功用上的区别。
1. 作表语时,-ING分词表示主语所具有的特征而-ED分词表示主语所处的状态
The book is quite interesting. I am insteredted in the book very much.
The play is more exciting than any I have
ever seen. That piece of land lay deserted.
2. 作状语时-ING分词表示主语正在进行的另一动作而-ED分词则表示主语发生动作的背景或情况 11) In his movies,W. C. Fields was always at war with the world, .
[A] battling both people and objects
[B] both people and objects were battled
[C] he was battling both people and objects
[D] both people and objects that were battled
13) Having been served lunch, .
[A] the problem was discussed by the members of the committee
[B] the committee members discussed the problem
[C] it was discussed by the committee members the problem
[D] a discussion of the problem was made by the members of the committee
12) for her anthropological research,Margaret Mead also was involved with the World Federation for Mental Health.
[A] She is noted primarily
[B] Noted primarily
[C] Primarily is noted
[D] She primarily noted
14) Considered one of the leading poets in America today, .
[A] a number of books and plays have also been written by Sonia Sanchez
[B] Sonia Sanchez has also written a number of books and plays
[C] a number of Sonia Sanchez’s books and plays have been written
[D] there have been a number of books and plays written by Sonia Sanchez
3. ①作定语时,-ING分词表示正在进行的动作,而-ED分词表示动作发生在谓语动词之前;②-ING分词表示它所修饰的词经常或当时的状态,而-ED分词则没有时间性;③-ING分词表示主动,而-ED分词表示被动
15) The boiled [A] point of any liquid [B] is determined [C] by the pressure [D] of the surrounding gases.
16) High-grade [A] written [B] paper is frequently [C] obtained [D] from cotton rags.
17) Scientists [A] still cannot find [B] any convinced [C] link between intelligence [D] and the quantity or quality of brain cells.
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