2018-02-11 所属栏目:经济学人双语版|经济学人下载

A second consideration is demography.
第二个考虑是人口。A growing population creates a natural pyramid scheme.
不断增长的人口创造出一个天然的金字塔式的骗局。Each cohort of partic

2018-02-09 所属栏目:经济学人双语版|经济学人下载

Samuelson's paper was seminal but not wholly original.
萨缪尔森的论文是开创性的，但不是完全原创的。A similar model was described in 1947 by Maurice Allais, then working in a bure

2018-02-08 所属栏目:经济学人双语版|经济学人下载

America's Social Security, for example, is largely pay-as-you-go.
例如，美国的社会保险制度（Social Security）就是一个大型的现收现付制度。For this reason, its critics often com

2018-02-07 所属栏目:经济学人双语版|经济学人下载

Economics Brief
经济学简论Overlapping generations: Kicking the can down an endless road
代代叠加："拖"无止境The final brief in our series on big economic ideas looks at the costs

2018-02-06 所属栏目:经济学人双语版|经济学人下载

Inflation has behaved strangely over the past decade.
在过去的十年中，通胀表现得很陌生。The recession that followed the financial crisis of 2007-08 sent American unemployment soar

2018-02-05 所属栏目:经济学人双语版|经济学人下载

That proposition was put to the test after Paul Volcker became Fed chairman in 1979.
这种主张在保罗·沃克尔于1979年成为美联储主席后被付诸验证。Mr Volcker was set on getting

2018-02-02 所属栏目:经济学人双语版|经济学人下载

The next year it hit 5.4% even as unemployment changed little.
第二年，甚至在失业变化不大的情况下达到了5.4%。The “stagflation” of the 1970s killed off the idea of a stable Phill

2018-02-01 所属栏目:经济学人双语版|经济学人下载

The implication?
言下之意？For a central bank to keep unemployment below the natural rate, it must keep outdoing itself, delivering inflation surprise after inflation surprise.
对

2018-01-31 所属栏目:经济学人双语版|经济学人下载

Mr Phelps began writing groundbreaking models of the labour market in 1966.
1966年，菲尔普斯开始构建开创性的劳动力市场模型。A year later, Friedman gave what became the canonical c

2018-01-30 所属栏目:经济学人双语版|经济学人下载

The relationship between inflation and unemployment was first studied by Irving Fisher in 1926.
1926年，通胀与失业之间的关系在欧文·费雪(Irving Fisher)那里得到了第一次研究。

2018-01-29 所属栏目:经济学人双语版|经济学人下载

If people cannot find jobs because they have outdated skills—think hand weavers after the invention of the loom—they might become “structurally” unemployed.
如果人们是因为具有

2018-01-26 所属栏目:经济学人双语版|经济学人下载

Economics Brief
经济学简介Six Big Ideas: The natural rate of unemployment
六大经济学原理：失业的自然比率Central bankers' holy grail
央行银行家的圣杯Policymakers have spent half

2018-01-25 所属栏目:经济学人双语版|经济学人下载

Aarusha's successful pitch is that its hostels are safer than slums or informal “guest houses”, especially for women.
阿鲁沙成功之处在于其青年旅馆比贫民窟和非正式宾馆更加安全

2018-01-24 所属栏目:经济学人双语版|经济学人下载

Business
商业Aarusha Homes: Room to grow
阿鲁沙之家：增多的房间The road to Indian prosperity is paved with cheap and cheerful hostels.
印度繁荣之路铺满了廉价且宜人的旅馆。If sev

2018-01-23 所属栏目:经济学人双语版|经济学人下载

But what if the sought-after thing was $100 itself?
但是，如果孜孜以求的是100美元自己呢？What if people produced goods to obtain money, not merely as a transactional device to be

2018-01-22 所属栏目:经济学人双语版|经济学人下载

Subsequent economists have tried to make sense of Say's law in the following way.
后来的经济学家试图用下面这种方式理解萨伊定律。Imagine an economy that consists only of shoes and

2018-01-19 所属栏目:经济学人双语版|经济学人下载

To grasp Say's point requires two intellectual jumps.
理解萨伊的要点需要两种学术方面的提升。The first is to see past money, which can obscure what is really going on in an econom

2018-01-18 所属栏目:经济学人双语版|经济学人下载

In Britain the Luddites broke stocking frames to stop machines taking their jobs.
在英国，卢德派分子已经开始破坏织袜机，以阻止机器抢了他们的饭碗。On the other hand, global demand

2018-01-17 所属栏目:经济学人双语版|经济学人下载

Economics Brief
经济学简介Six Big Ideas: Overcapacity and undercapacity
六大经济学理论：产能过剩和产能不足Glutology
过剩的学问The third brief in our series on big economice idea

2018-01-16 所属栏目:经济学人双语版|经济学人下载

Another good candidate would be a government-run plant at Badarpur, less than 50km from the middle of Delhi.
另一个较好的选择便是位于巴达普（距德里市中心不到50千米）的官办工厂。Ac

2018-01-16 所属栏目:经济学人双语版|经济学人下载

Science and technology: Air pollution: Blown away
科技：空气污染：吹走它Retired jet engines could help clear the smog that smothered big cities.
退役喷射发动机可以用来驱逐笼罩大城

2018-01-16 所属栏目:经济学人双语版|经济学人下载

Yet, concerned by mounting inequality in America, he thought that more should be done to invest in early childhood education and improve the state of schools.
然而，出于对美国不断

2018-01-16 所属栏目:经济学人双语版|经济学人下载

Becker himself highlighted research findings that one quarter of the rise in per-person incomes from 1929 to 1982 in America was because of increases in schooling.
贝克尔本人强调了

2018-01-11 所属栏目:经济学人双语版|经济学人下载

Human capital could also be applied to topics beyond returns to individuals from education.
人力资本还可以被应用于个人教育回报之外的多种话题。The idea was a powerful variable in e

2018-01-10 所属栏目:经济学人双语版|经济学人下载

But this was just the beginning of his analysis.
但是，这仅仅是他的分析的起点。Becker observed that people do acquire general human capital, but they often do so at their own expe