proficiency – n. the state of being good at doing something
structurally – adv. relating to the way something is built or organized
gender gap – n. the difference in opportunities, status, attitudes, etc., between men and women
aversion – n. a strong feeling of not liking something
communicative approach – n. an approach to language teaching that emphasizes interaction as both the means and the ultimate goal of study.
colony – n. an area that is controlled by or belongs to a country and is usually far away from it
competent – adj. having the necessary ability or skills : able to do something well or well enough to meet a standard