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via – preposition by means of (a person, machine, etc.); by using (something or someone)
riddle – v. to fill (something) with something that is bad or unpleasant -- usually used as “riddled with”
incentive – n. something that encourages a person to do something or to work harder
plague – v. to cause constant or repeated trouble, illness, etc., for (someone or something)
background – n. the experiences, knowledge, education, etc., in a person’s past
characterize – v. to describe the character or special qualities of (someone or something)
confer – v. to give (something, such as a degree, award, title, right, etc.) to someone or something -- usually + on or upon
