Section 3 填空
1．The scientist found it puzzling that his theory encountered _______ despite widespread agreement that it was_______
A. respect … crucial
B. dismissal … simplistic
C. skepticism … unfathomable
D. opposition … indisputable
E. acceptance … comprehensive
2. The rate at which soil can absorb water ________ with continuous wetting, so the longer a _________ lasts, or the greater the rate of precipitation, the higher the percentage of water that will flow across the ground as runoff and enter stream channels.
A. rises … deluge
B. diminishes … drought
C. increases … shower
D. decreases … rainstorm
E. stabilizes … thaw
3. The ideas expressed in the art historian’s book are more _____ than one would expect or the basis of her rather_________ treatment of her subject in the opening pages.
A. compelling … intriguing
B. accessible … recondite
C. hidebound … reactionary
D. insightful … innovative
E. dispassionate … evenhanded
4. The meeting on environmental issues produced ________ discussion but no commitment on a plan of action: the many uncertainties surrounding global climatic change and the huge cost of efforts to limit it made the policymakers ____
A. little … voluble
B. heated … contentious
C. cordial … quarrelsome
D. frustrating … affable
E. interminable … businesslike
5. Art that endures often makes an initially disturbing impact: the profound experience that such art seeks to provoke necessarily engenders a certain ___
A. familiarity
B. ennui
C. upheaval
D. intimacy
E. tranquility
6. The history of film reflects the _____ inherent in the medium itself: film combines still photographs to represent continuous motion and, while seeming to present life itself, can also offer impossible and dreamlike unrealities.
A. trivialities
B. biases
C. constraints
D. paradoxes
E. liabilities
7. The ______ with which the politician peppers her speeches are so memorable that many people think of her as being far more _______ than she in fact is.
A. superlatives … egalitarian
B. pejoratives … optimistic
C. examples … soporific
D. diatribes … censorious
E. malapropisms … straightforward
类比
8. ANTISEPTIC : DISINFECT::
A. solvent : preserve B. emollient : soften C. tonic : inoculate D. antidote: poison
E. palliative: sensitize
9. DOSE : MEDICINE ::
A. beverage : drink B. medal : award C. tremor : earthquake D. ration : food
E. temp: music
10. DITCH : CANYON ::
A. landslide : erosion B. boulder : granite C. weed : vegetation D. burrow : cavern
E. moon : planet
11. AVERSION : DISINCLINATION ::
A. assurance : doubt B. adulation : admiration C. evaluation : preference
D. denunciation : avowal E. slander : insincerity
12. AIRTIGHT : LEAK ::
A. sporadic : continuity B. incorporeal : importance C. ancient : relevance
D. arcane : solution E. invalid : certainty
13. SPURN : CONTEMPT ::
A. condone : mercy B. apologize : regret C. vacillate : impression
D. balk : obstruction E. endorse : familiarity
14. TEACHER : CLASSROOM ::
A. bather : beach B. resident : neighborhood C. traveler : station
D. child : playground E. chef : kitchen
15. RESCISSION : LEGISLATION ::
A. authorization : retrenchment B. recantation : testimony C. attainment : goal
D. cessation : process E. acquittal : innocence
16.POLULATION : MORTALITY
A. electorate : abstention B. workforce : attrition C. traffic : gridlock
D. membership : absenteeism E. taxation : expenditure
反义词
28. DISSIPATE
A. pile up B. sort out C. illuminate D. hasten E. include
29. TRANSIENT
A. distant B. helpful C. actual D. violet E. everlasting
30. EXTRANEOUS
A. indeterminate B. modified C. accurate D. concealed E. essential
31. SEEMLY
A. banal B. deceitful C. indecorous D. eclectic E. ineffectual
32. VIRULENT
A. intermittent B. courteous C. defeated D. confident E. salubrious
33. TORRID
A. gloomy B. inert C. icy D. opaque E. smooth
34. FORMIDABLE
A. enticing B. invigorating C. ambivalent D. affectionate E. negligent
35. DISCURSIVE
A. polite B. succinct C. florid D. candid E. impassioned
36. EXECRATION
A. misrepresentation B. engrossment C. requisition D. approbation E. allegiance
37. VICISSITUDINOUS
A. charitable B. immutable C. imitative D. extrinsic E. endearing
38. TENDENTIOUS
A. uncommon B. uncooperative C. uNPRetentious D. unimportant E. unbiased
短文章
late-eighteenth-century political economists regarded the specialization of labor as a positive development, resulting in increasingly refined products and services. However, to their contemporaries in philosophy and the arts, this development suggested society’s disintegration into conflicting interests. The political economists acknowledged that diverse occupations represented competing perspectives on society, since what one knew was a function of what one did, but they viewed specialization as a source of social unity. Individuals who produced only one product or service must depend on others for most of the ir needs; this, specialization was the basis of social cohesion. The common good depended upon everyone’s dependency guaranteed the unity and therefore the health of society. A fundamental problem with this concept recognized even then, was that specialization seemed to preclude anyone’s being able to demonstrate that the society was unified. If everyone’s knowledge of society was tied to specialized occupational interests, who was in a position to monitor society’s overall functioning?