名人教英文：participles 分词
participles are formed from verbs. 分词是从动词中分出来的。
there are three forms of participles, namely:
（1）present participles — present participles end in "ing".
e.g. loving, hating, hiding.
（2）past participles — past participles end usually in "ed" or "en".
e.g. loved, hated, hidden.
（3）present perfect participles — present perfect participles are a combination of the present and past participles. they end with a combination of both "ing" and "ed" or "en".
e.g. - having loved; having hated; having hidden (active voice)
- having been loved; having been hated; having been hidden (passive voice)
participles have the following basic functions. 基本上分词有以下几个作用：
（1）participles and participial phrases serve mainly as adjectives to describe or modify an antecedent. 分词或其词组可用来形容前辞。
e.g. running, she is out of breath!
跑呀跑，她可气喘呢﹗
("running" describes "she", the antecedent.)
（2）participles can be used as a verbal noun. 分词可作动名词。
e.g. i hate running. 我讨厌跑步。
("running" is object of the verb "hate")
（3）participles can combine with another word to form a compound word. 分词可与另一个字合并。